In 2025, the primary buyers of Russian oil and natural gas include
China, India, and Turkey, along with several European Union (EU) member states like France, Belgium, Spain, Hungary, and Slovakia. China and India are the largest buyers of crude oil, while the EU remains a significant importer of both pipeline gas and liquefied natural gas (LNG), with Turkey purchasing large amounts of oil products.
Major buyers
China: The largest purchaser of Russian crude oil and a major buyer of other fossil fuels.
India: The second-largest buyer of Russian crude oil.
Turkey: A major buyer of oil products and a significant importer of pipeline gas.
European Union (EU): The largest buyer of Russian LNG and pipeline gas, with individual member states like France, Belgium, Spain, Hungary, and Slovakia being key importers, though some of the gas is re-exported.
Specifics on product type
Crude Oil: China and India are the top buyers, followed by Turkey.
Natural Gas: The EU is the largest importer of both LNG and pipeline gas, with China and Turkey also being significant buyers of pipeline gas.
Oil Products: Turkey is the largest buyer of oil products, with China and Brazil also being major importers.
In 2025, the primary buyers of Russian oil and natural gas are China, India and Turkey, with several European Union (EU) countries continuing to purchase significant volumes of natural gas and some crude oil through pipeline exemptions.
Crude
Oil
China and India dominate the purchase of Russian crude oil, rerouting global energy flows after most European sanctions were put in place.
China: The largest overall buyer of Russian fossil fuels, China has purchased about 47% of Russia's total crude oil exports.
India: India is the second-largest buyer, responsible for around 38% of Russian crude exports. Before the 2022 invasion of Ukraine, India imported relatively little Russian oil.
Turkey: Turkey is also a significant customer for Russian crude oil and oil products.
European Union (EU): A few landlocked EU countries, including Hungary and Slovakia, continue to receive Russian crude oil via the southern branch of the Druzhba pipeline under a temporary EU exemption to prevent severe energy shortages.
Natural
Gas
Despite efforts to reduce reliance on Russian energy, the EU remains a major customer for Russian natural gas, primarily due to a lack of comprehensive sanctions on pipeline gas and Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG).
European Union (EU): The EU as a bloc is the largest buyer of both Russian LNG and pipeline gas.
LNG: France, Belgium, Spain, the Netherlands and Portugal are the main EU importers of Russian LNG.
Pipeline Gas: Hungary, Slovakia, France and Romania are the top EU importers of Russian pipeline gas.
China: China is a major buyer of Russian pipeline gas (around 30% of exports) and LNG (around 22%).
Turkey: Turkey imports substantial volumes of Russian pipeline gas.
Japan: Japan is a significant importer of Russian LNG, accounting for about 18% of total Russian LNG exports.
South Korea: South Korea also imports Russian LNG and coal.
Refining
Loophole
Some countries, notably India and Turkey, import Russian crude oil and then refine it into oil products, which are then re-exported to countries like the EU, the UK, the US, and Australia, highlighting a key sanctions circumvention channel.
https://www.google.com/search?q=what+countries+buy+oil+and+natural+gas+from+russia+2025
Comments
Trump has already excused Hungary from Russian Sanctions, because Hungary is “land-locked” with no ports to receive US LNG. The EU has included US Energy Imports to the EU Trade Deal.
Norb Leahy, Dunwoody GA Tea Party Leader
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